Shahadat of Imam Kadhim (a.s.) - Maulana Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi

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- Abū Ṭālib's wafāt: 25 Rajab 183 Baghdad.
- Born 7th Safar 128 Abwā’.
- Imāmate from age 20; ruled for 35 years.
- Precarious start due to Manṣūr's threat.

- Era of taqiyyah; Imām's identity hidden.
- Companions used titles like "qālala ’l-‘ālim" to refer to the Imām.
- Imām guided community despite challenges.

- Different trends among Sunnis in theology, fiqh, and ḥadith.
- Ahle Ḥadith fabricated and interpolated Qur’ānic verses on Divinity.
- Shi‘a's emphasis on tawḥid and allegorical verses.

- Mutashābihāt verses like "yad" and "wahj" interpreted metaphorically.
- Criticism of Sunnis' anthropomorphic beliefs.

- Response to those who believe God has a body.
- Emphasis on the metaphorical interpretation of Qur’ānic verses.
- Aḥādith circulated on God descending to Heaven.

- Widely circulated among Sunni narrators.
- Found in Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhāri and Ṣaḥiḥ Muslim.
- Responses from Imāms on anthropomorphic beliefs.

- Imām Mūsa al-Kāzim's rejection of comparing God to anything.
- Emphasis on symbolic interpretations.
- Imprisonment, limited movement, and eventual poisoning.

- Arrested under various rulers, including Hārūn.
- Eventually poisoned, leading to death.
- Imam's body displayed, later buried with dignity.

- Body displayed on the bridge of Baghdad.
- Harun's uncle intervened, and the body was buried with respect.
- Tragic parallel with Imam Husayn's family in Karbala.

- Comparison to the lack of respect for Imam Husayn's body in Karbala.
- Highlighting the challenges faced by the Ahlul Bayt throughout history