Team 3D Prints Tracheas

Researchers from Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM) used an integrated tissue-organ printer (ITOP) to 3D-bioprint a trachea. 

Researchers have already 3D-printed tracheal splints and scaffolds to grow tissue-engineered tracheas, but this is the first trachea with various functional materials. 

Previous attempts failed because they only used regenerated cartilage tissue. According to the researchers, they weren't strong enough to hold the airways open or provide the necessary flexibility.

These constructs were printed with cartilage and smooth muscle regions at the same time using biodegradable polyester material and stem cell hydrogels. The cartilage provides enough support to avoid collapse, and the smooth muscle offers the needed flexibility.

The proof-of-concept could one day lead to custom patient care for those suffering from tracheal stenosis, or the narrowing of the windpipe. Now, these patients need breathing tubes. In the future, medical professionals could use the patient's medical records to print biocompatible replacements.

Next, the team will test long-term functionality to make sure the 3D-bioprinted tracheas maintain their initial characteristics. 

WFIRM has done some impressive work in the past, everything from 3D printing human ears to growings livers, kidneys, and even anal sphincters.